Symptoms may become apparent at this stage and may include fatigue, swelling in hands and feet, back pain, frequent or infrequent urination, and high blood pressure. Kidneys do not work as efficiently as they should, and GFR is between 30 and 59 mL/min/1.73 m2. Stage III (moderate to severe loss of kidney function) No symptoms are present, but certain indications may be more obvious, such as protein in the urine or physical damage to the kidneys. Mild kidney damage with GFR between 60 and 89 mL/min/1.73 m2. Stage II (mild or moderately reduced kidney function) No symptoms are present, but there might be indications of kidney damage in tests, such as the presence of protein in the urine or physical changes of kidneys on a sonogram. Kidney damage is very mild with GFR 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 or above (normal values). Stage I (normal or minimal loss of kidney function) Symptoms and complications increase as the stages progress. A normal GFR is about 90 to 120 mL/min/1.73 m2.
A higher GFR indicates a healthy kidney, whereas lower GFR indicates a suboptimal kidney function. GFR is calculated based on a blood test that estimates the amount of creatinine (waste product) in the blood. Stages are based on declining kidney function and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurements, which is the rate at which kidneys filter waste from the body. The five stages of kidney failure range from very mild damage (stage I) to complete kidney failure (stage V). Understanding the 5 stages of kidney failure If your BUN values are consistently outside the normal limits, talk to your doctor to know the reason behind the variation. Heart diseases such as congestive heart failure or a recent heart attack.A high BUN value may be due to reasons unrelated to the kidneys such as:
More specific tests such as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and creatinine clearance may be performed further to diagnose kidney failure. There is no definite value of BUN that would diagnose kidney failure.īUN and creatinine tests can be used together to find the BUN-to-creatinine ratio (BUN:creatinine), which is more specific than the BUN test alone. A decline in kidney function can cause an increase in BUN levels. There may be slight variations between labs. The normal range of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is between 7 and 20 mg/dL or 2.5 and 7.1 mmol/L. There is no definite value of BUN that would diagnose kidney failure. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is one of the parameters used to ascertain kidney function.
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